Christmas in Belgium: Customs & Traditions

Christmas in Belgium is a magical time, filled with unique customs and traditions that vary by region. As you wander through this beautiful country during the festive season, you’ll discover a blend of influences from neighboring Germany, France, and the Netherlands. Belgian Christmas markets are a popular highlight, where you can shop for seasonal gifts, decorations, and indulge in delicious food and drinks.

You’ll notice that food plays a central role in Belgian Christmas celebrations. Families gather for a special meal on Christmas Eve, typically starting with an aperitif and nibbles before indulging in appetizers featuring the local seafood specialties. Treat yourself to some of Belgium’s favorite festive treats, like glühwein, jenever (Flemish gin), hot chocolate, waffles, pancakes, and smoutebollen (deep-fried sweet dumplings).
Another fun aspect of Christmas in Belgium is that children receive visits from not just one, but two Santas – Santa Claus and St. Nicholas. Alongside these exciting visits, you’ll find plenty of entertaining activities like ice-skating rinks and ferris wheels to make your holiday experience as joyful as can be. So, immerse yourself in the Belgian Christmas spirit and enjoy all the festivities this charming country has to offer.
History of Belgian Christmas Traditions

Belgium is a country rich in history and traditions, and when it comes to Christmas, its customs are quite unique. In this section, we’ll explore the history of Belgian Christmas traditions, focusing on two key celebrations: St. Nicholas Day and Christmas Eve & Christmas Day.
St. Nicholas Day
In Belgium, as in many European countries, St. Nicholas Day is one of the most cherished Christmas traditions. Celebrated on 6th December, St. Nicholas, or Sinterklaas in Dutch, is the country’s gift-giving figure. The celebration harks back centuries and has elements borrowed from both religious observance and folklore.
In the weeks leading up to St. Nicholas Day, you’ll find Belgian towns and cities adorned with festive decorations. Children eagerly anticipate the arrival of St. Nicholas, who is said to visit homes on the eve of St. Nicholas Day, in order to deliver gifts and treats to well-behaved children. The naughty ones might get a visit from St. Nicholas’ sidekick, known as Zwarte Piet or ‘Black Peter,’ who carries a switch to deliver a mild spanking.
Christmas Eve and Christmas Day
When it comes to Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, Belgians are known for their elaborate celebrations, family gatherings, and delicious food. Tradition dictates that families gather for a festive meal on Christmas Eve, often featuring turkey, foie gras, or seafood, followed by desserts such as bûche de Noël or Belgian chocolates.
On Christmas Day, it is customary to have a traditional breakfast featuring cold meats, jellies, bread, Danish pastries, and cougnou, a bread shaped like the baby Jesus. This meal is usually followed by a cozy day spent with family, exchanging gifts, and celebrating the holiday’s true meaning: love, togetherness, and goodwill.
Belgium’s rich history and diverse influences have contributed to a unique set of Christmas traditions that continue to be cherished and celebrated. From the magical figure of St. Nicholas to the joyous festivities of Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, Belgian Christmas customs reflect the warmth, generosity, and spirit that make this season so special.
A Unique Blend of Cultures

Belgium’s Christmas traditions are a fascinating mix of cultures that reflect the influence of its Flemish, Walloon, and German communities. In this section, we’ll explore the diverse customs and celebrations from each group, highlighting their distinct contributions to the holiday season in Belgium.
Flemish Christmas Traditions
In Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, the Christmas season kicks off with the Feast of St. Nicholas on December 6th. You’ll see children placing their shoes by the fireplace, accompanied by a letter requesting gifts from the beloved St. Nicholas. Don’t be surprised to find a carrot left out in anticipation of St. Nicholas’ horse!
On Christmas Eve, a festive meal with family is the norm in Flemish homes. Traditional dishes may include seafood, venison, or boar, rounding out the feast with a yule log-shaped Christmas cake and red wine to warm everyone’s spirits.
Walloon Christmas Traditions
In the predominantly French-speaking Wallonia region, similar traditions are observed, although with a slightly different flair. The Belgian Christmas meal, known as ‘le réveillon de Noël’, is also enjoyed on Christmas Eve. Walloon families may indulge in local delicacies such as oysters, smoked salmon, and ‘cougnou’, a sweet bread shaped like Baby Jesus.
In the weeks leading up to Christmas, beautifully crafted nativity scenes are a common sight in churches and homes throughout the region. Carol-singing in Walloon dialects adds cultural richness to the holiday season.
German Influences
Belgium’s small German-speaking community adds its own unique touch to the country’s Christmas celebrations. The German influence is evident in the picturesque Christmas markets that pop up in various Belgian cities, where you can enjoy tasty treats like gingerbread, Glühwein (mulled wine), and marzipan.
In the German region of Belgium, the endearing tradition of setting up ‘Adventskranz’—an Advent wreath adorned with four candles—can be observed. One candle is lit on each Sunday leading up to Christmas, a lovely way to count down the weeks to the big day.
So, exploring Belgium during the Christmas season, you’ll discover a rich tapestry of cultural influences. With each region offering its own take on beloved traditions, the country’s holiday celebrations are truly a unique and vibrant blend of cultures.
What’s On the Table

Culinary Delights
During the Christmas season in Belgium, you’ll find an array of delightful dishes to satisfy your taste buds. One of the most popular treats is speculoos, a spiced shortcrust biscuit that’s perfect for nibbling on throughout the day. On Christmas morning, indulge in some crusty rolls with butter and jam alongside coffee cake for breakfast. In southern Belgium, you can enjoy cougnou or cougnolle, a sweet bread shaped like a baby to symbolize baby Jesus.
For the main Christmas meal- typically served on Christmas Eve- it’s common to find seafood, roast meat, or even a traditional turkey on the table. Accompanied by buttery vegetables, sweet dumplings, and other tasty sides, you’re in for an unforgettable meal shared with friends and family.
And, of course, you can’t forget about desserts. Sink your teeth into decadent Belgian chocolate, warm waffles, and heavenly pancakes to round off your Christmas feast. Don’t miss the chance to try smoutebollen, a deep-fried pastry with a sweet, doughy center.
Unique Beverages
Belgian Christmas celebrations aren’t complete without some festive beverages. The star of the show is glühwein, also known as mulled wine, a warm and aromatic drink made from red wine, spices, and citrus fruits. It’s perfect for sipping on during chilly winter nights while enjoying the festive atmosphere.
In addition to glühwein, Belgium boasts other unique seasonal drinks, like jenever. This Dutch gin comes in a variety of flavors, such as cactus, apple, vanilla, and grain, with an alcohol content of around 35-38%. It’s bound to keep you warm and toasty through the cold evenings.
Finally, if you prefer something non-alcoholic, treat yourself to a rich, steaming cup of hot chocolate. Made with high-quality Belgian chocolate, it’s sure to be one of the smoothest, creamiest cups you’ve ever had.
So, this Christmas, immerse yourself in Belgium’s festive food and drink traditions and make your holiday season even more special.
Decorated Belgium & Celebrations

Belgium is a country that really embraces the spirit of Christmas, so you can expect to find your surroundings drenched in festive charm during this special season. Let’s dive into some of the ways Belgians celebrate and decorate, shall we?
Christmas Tree and Home Decor
When it comes to Christmas decorations in Belgium, a beautifully adorned Christmas tree is the centerpiece. Many families either buy a real fir tree or set up an artificial one at home. Typically, the tree is adorned with fairy lights, baubles, and other sparkling decorations. A shining star often tops the tree, symbolizing the Star of Bethlehem.
But don’t stop there! Belgians also love to spruce up their homes with cozy touches. Candles are placed in the fireplace, and the mantel might be decorated with festive garlands or a traditional Yule log to bring warmth and a sense of togetherness to the holiday season.
Nativity Scenes
Nativity scenes are a must-have in Belgian households during Christmas. It’s a tradition that showcases the birth of Jesus with figurines depicting Mary, Joseph, and baby Jesus in the manger. Many Belgian nativity scenes also include a variety of animals, such as sheep, donkeys, and horses, representing the stable setting of Jesus’ birth.
So there you have it—a glimpse into the Belgian way of celebrating and decorating for Christmas. With twinkling lights and festive adornments, Belgium brings some extra magic to the holiday season.
Belgian Christmas Market

Christmas Market in Brussels
Oh, the Christmas Market in Brussels! You have to see it to believe it. This magical event takes place from November 24th to December 31st, 2023. Set in the stunning Grand Place, your eyes will feast on the beautiful wooden booths loaded with holiday treats. Winter Wonders, the most famous Christmas Market in Belgium, sets the festive mood with twinkling lights and delightful decorations. Indulge in traditional Belgian delicacies while you’re there. It’s Christmas, after all!
Other Notable Markets
There’s more holiday cheer to be found throughout Belgium. Here are some other notable Christmas markets that will leave you with that warm, fuzzy Christmas feeling:
- Ghent: This picturesque city transforms into a winter wonderland, offering a spectacular Christmas market where you can indulge in festive treats and find unique holiday gifts.
- Antwerp: Winter in Antwerp is simply enchanting. The city’s Christmas market circles around the historic center and the sparkling ice-skating rink adds to the festive aura.
- Bruges: Winter Glow, as it’s called, allows you to stroll through charming streets filled with wooden booths and enjoy the irresistible aroma of Belgian waffles and mulled wine.
- Liège: Le Village de Noël is a must-visit for those seeking the perfect blend of festive fun and historic charm. This lively Christmas village is full of surprises, from a giant Ferris wheel to an ice-skating rink.
Check these markets out and immerse yourself in Belgium’s Christmas traditions. Trust us, it’s worth it.
Gift-Giving Traditions

St. Nicholas Day Gifts
In Belgium, one of the most beloved gift-giving traditions takes place on St. Nicholas Day, which is celebrated on December 6th. On the night of December 5th, children eagerly place their shoes by the fireplace, along with a carrot for St. Nicholas’ horse and a glass of milk or a sweet treat for St. Nicholas himself. It’s believed that he rides a horse instead of reindeer, so the carrot is a thoughtful gesture for his trusty steed. In return, St. Nicholas leaves gifts, candy, and other surprises in the children’s shoes.
A letter from St. Nicholas might also make its way to the children’s homes, providing encouragement and sometimes even offering gentle reminders for the kids to be well-behaved. If a child has been particularly good, they might receive a book as a special gift, symbolizing their good behavior.
Christmas Day Gifts
While St. Nicholas Day is the main gift-giving event in Belgium, some families also exchange gifts on Christmas Day. The tradition varies depending on family preferences and regional influences. The presents are usually placed under the Christmas tree, and families gather together to open them during the day.
Gifts exchanged on Christmas Day can range from small tokens to more lavish presents, but what matters most is the thought and care put into the selection of each gift. Money is sometimes given, often to younger family members or those in need, as a practical gesture to help out during the holiday season.
Remember, the festive period in Belgium is filled with warmth, love, and the joy of giving. So, whether you’re partaking in St. Nicholas Day festivities or exchanging gifts on Christmas Day, make sure to fully embrace these delightful traditions that make the season bright.
Festive Phrases and Customs

Christmas Greetings
In Belgium, Christmas greetings vary by region and language. If you want to wish someone “Merry Christmas” in Dutch (spoken in Flanders), you would say “Vrolijk Kerstfeest”. In the French-speaking part of Belgium (Wallonia), the phrase is “Joyeux Noël”. Meanwhile, German-speaking Belgians would greet each other with “Frohe Weihnachten”.
Belgian Christmas Customs
Belgian Christmas customs combine elements of nearby Germany, France, and the Netherlands, making for a unique festive atmosphere. Some popular customs include:
- Visiting Christmas Markets: These bustling markets are popular spots to buy gifts, decorations, and seasonal food and drink. Enjoy a warm cup of glühwein, Belgian hot chocolate, or jenever (Flemish gin). Indulge in waffles, pancakes, and smoutebollen (deep-fried sweet dumplings) to keep your belly content.
- Saint Nicholas: In Belgium, children are visited by two gift-bringers: Santa Claus (Père Noël) and Saint Nicholas (Sinterklaas). The feast of St. Nicholas is held on December 6th, starting with a church service and ending with a quiet family meal.
- Advent Calendars: Similar to other European countries, Belgians enjoy counting down the days until Christmas with advent calendars. These calendars come in various forms, such as paper ones with small chocolates or more elaborate ones containing little presents.
-
Kerststronk: A beloved Belgian Christmas dessert, Kerststronk (also known as “bûche de Noël”) is a Yule log-shaped cake made from sponge, cream, and chocolate. This tasty treat resembles a log covered in bark, often decorated with festive adornments like holly leaves and berries.
Now that you’re familiar with these Belgian Christmas words and customs, you can celebrate the holiday season like a true Belgian!